Methodology and standards
How we source
Practice acts
The state statute that defines each profession and what its licensees may do. The law is the final word on scope.
Board rules and opinions
How each licensing board interprets its practice act, including formal opinions. These change more often than statutes, so we record the date we read them.
Issuing bodies' own documents
Position statements, guidelines and consensus statements, read from the organization that published them, never from a summary of a summary.
- Every source opens on the publisher's own site, with the domain shown before you click.
- Summaries are in our own words, written from the original. Where one is not ready, the page says so.
- We do not copy statute text, guideline text or abstracts. The original is always one click away.
- Every status and summary carries the date it was last updated, so you can tell how fresh it is.
Where to look things up
Evidence and literature
A free database of randomised trials, systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines in physiotherapy, with tens of thousands of records. Trials are rated for methodological quality on a published scale, so you can see how much weight a study can carry before reading it.
The National Library of Medicine's index of biomedical literature — citations and abstracts across more than thirty million records, with links out to full text where a publisher allows it.
- Cochrane Library (official site)Partly free
Systematic reviews with an unusually explicit methodology, including plain-language summaries of what the evidence does and does not support.
- Trip Medical Database (official site)Partly free
A clinical search engine that ranks results by evidence type, so guidelines and systematic reviews surface above primary studies rather than below them.
A collaboratively written knowledge platform for physiotherapy and rehabilitation, edited by clinicians internationally and covering conditions, assessments and interventions in depth.
A non-commercial chiropractic archive running since 1995, holding thousands of abstracts and full-text papers organized by topic alongside historical and practice material.
The APTA's peer-reviewed journal, published through Oxford Academic, with curated collections and a companion podcast.
Peer-reviewed orthopaedic and sports rehabilitation research, including clinical practice guidelines developed for specific conditions.
An open-access peer-reviewed journal covering chiropractic and manual therapy research, published through BioMed Central.
Education and exams
The body that accredits Doctor of Chiropractic degree programs and chiropractic residencies in the United States and Canada.
Accredits physical therapist and physical therapist assistant education programs, recognized by the US Department of Education and CHEA. Its directory lists every accredited program.
Accredits professional athletic training education programs. BOC certification eligibility depends on completing one.
Accredits occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant programs in the United States, Puerto Rico and internationally.
Accredits massage therapy and bodywork programs awarding certificates, diplomas and associate degrees.
Administers the examinations required for chiropractic licensure: Part I (basic sciences), Part II (clinical sciences), Part III (clinical competency) and Part IV (practical skills).
The licensure examination for physical therapists and assistants, administered by FSBPT. The PT exam is 225 multiple-choice questions over five hours.
The certification examination for athletic trainers — 175 questions, taken after completing a CAATE-accredited program. Passing it produces the ATC credential.
The national certification examination for occupational therapists and assistants. Passing produces the OTR or COTA credential.
The entry-level licensing examination for massage therapy, administered by the Federation of State Massage Therapy Boards and accepted by most state regulators.
Regulators and associations
The Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards maintains the directory of state chiropractic boards, each with its own rules, renewal cycle and CE requirement.
Contact details and links for every state physical therapy licensing authority, plus the compact and continuing-competence resources.
The BOC's state-by-state regulatory reference for athletic training: which states license, what each requires, and how state rules relate to BOC certification.
The federation of state massage therapy regulators, publishing the MBLEx and jurisdiction-level licensing information.
The professional association for physical therapists and assistants, publishing practice guidance, advocacy positions and state-level regulatory tracking.
The professional association for athletic trainers, publishing position statements, practice guidance and state regulatory advocacy.
The professional association for occupational therapists and assistants, covering practice standards, advocacy and licensure developments including the OT compact.
The largest professional association for chiropractors in the United States, covering practice resources, advocacy and coding guidance.
News and workforce data
The federal government's occupational reference: entry-level education, median pay, employment numbers and projected growth for chiropractors, physical therapists, athletic trainers, occupational therapists, massage therapists and fitness trainers.
A federal database describing what each occupation actually involves day to day — tasks, tools, skills, work context and related occupations.
A chiropractic trade publication running since 1982, covering profession news, regulatory developments and practice topics.
Trade coverage focused on the business and practice-management side of chiropractic, with a large circulation across the profession.
How a status is decided
| Status | Shape | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Generally within scope | Filled circle | The practice acts and board rules for this profession generally include the activity. It is a national picture: your state can still differ, and the page links to where to check. |
| Varies by state | Half-filled circle | States genuinely differ: some include the activity, some exclude it, some attach conditions such as extra training. The national picture cannot answer the question; your state's rules decide. |
| Not typically within scope | Struck circle | Practice acts for this profession generally do not include the activity. Exceptions may exist, and the note beside the status says what is known. |
| Not yet covered | Dashed circle | We have not researched this profession on this topic yet. It says nothing either way about whether the activity is permitted. |
What every status comes with
- Step 1
Its sources
The practice acts, board rules or guidance the status rests on, linked from the page so you can read them yourself. - Step 2
A plain note
One sentence on why the status reads the way it does, including where states differ. - Step 3
The date it was last updated
Rules change. The date tells you how recent the status is; your board's current rules always come first.
Guidance status
| Status | What it means |
|---|---|
| Current | The issuing body's latest version on this subject, as far as we have recorded. |
| Superseded | Replaced by a newer version. We keep it listed, struck through, with a link to its successor, so older citations stay traceable. |
| Withdrawn | Retracted by the issuing body without a direct replacement. Listed so you know not to rely on it. |
Editorial independence
No paid placement in reference content
No vendor, school, association or course provider pays to appear on a profession, topic, guidance or licensing page, or to change what it says.
Sponsorship, if it ever comes, lives in a labelled directory
Any future sponsored listing would sit only in a clearly labelled directory, separate from reference pages, and marked as sponsored on every listing.
Recommendations are never for sale
Where we suggest a tool, a course of action or a resource, it is because it fits the reader, not because anyone paid. That rule has no exceptions.
KinaVara’s clinical founder also writes continuing education courses. Those are listed separately, never inside reference content, and every board approval is stated board by board, including when there is none.
Corrections
- Step 1
You report it
Tell us the page, what is wrong, and where the correct information comes from if you know. A link to the board rule or the issuing body's page helps most. - Step 2
We check it against the source
We compare the claim with the primary source. If the source has changed, the status and its date are updated together. - Step 3
We log it
Every correction to a status or a guidance record is listed in Updates with the date, what changed and why. Corrections are never made silently.
Who is behind it

Hailey Andersen, DC, CSCS
Chiropractic physician and certified strength and conditioning specialist.