2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)
At a glance
- Consensus statement
- 2023
- British Journal of Sports Medicine
Who and what it addresses
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What it says
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) is the IOC's name for the harm to health and performance that follows low energy availability, when an athlete takes in too little energy for what training demands. The IOC introduced the concept in 2014; this 2023 statement updates it after more than 170 new studies since 2018, including the role of low carbohydrate availability, links with mental health and effects in male athletes.
It presents updated health and performance models and a new physiological model of how low energy availability, together with individual factors, leads to harm. It introduces version 2 of the REDs Clinical Assessment Tool, which grades severity and risk to guide whether and how an athlete trains and competes, and it sets out principles for safe body composition assessment, prevention and treatment.
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2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)
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